Remedies for xerostomia

The treatment of xerostomia depends on its cause. If the insufficient production of saliva has been caused by a drug substance, an alternative drug without this side effect should, if possible, be switched to. If there is a Sjögren Syndrome, the therapy mostly includes administering corticoids or biologicals. Furthermore, the direct parasympathomimetic drug pilocarpine (Salagen®) is also used which, inter alia, stimulates the production of saliva and lacrimation. The drug has also been approved for the treatment of xerostomia as a result of a radiation therapy of cancerous diseases in the area of the head and the throat.

In the case of an age-related reduction of saliva, simple remedies rank first. Individually they may have little effect but together they can mostly mitigate the complaints and prevent the consequences. To start with, adequate fluid intake throughout the day must be ensured. A dry indoor climate can be improved by airing the room regularly and using a room humidifier.

Another very helpful remedy is sugar-free chewing gum. Chewing triggers an impulse which stimulates the production of saliva.

To prevent any consequential damages to the teeth patients should ensure thorough dental hygiene. This also prevents unpleasant bad breath and infections in the oral cavity. For persons with xerostomia it is most important to have their teeth regularly checked by a dentist.

If the above does not result in a satisfactory outcome, PTA and pharmacists can recommend the use of a so-called artificial saliva. By now there is a large supply of products in many different dosage forms available, such as lozenges, spray, gel or mouth rinsing solutions. These preparations not only serve to pleasantly moisten the mouth but also to protect the dental enamel by means of buffering and remineralisation. Not all patients find artificial saliva pleasant or like its taste and flavour. Sometimes they need to do some testing until they find the right product acceptable to them. Highly viscous gels are particularly suitable for patients with very strong symptoms or for the night, whereas mouth rinses are more appropriate for mild cases. Sprays and lozenges work well for in-between and on the go.